The manufacturing process of non-standard equipment requires a large number of non-standard sheet metal parts.
With the continuous progress of the economy and science and technology, and CNC machine tools have the characteristics of strong adaptability to workpiece modification, high machining precision and high productivity;
Therefore, NC technology has been widely used in sheet metal machine tools.
It solves the problems of high precision, complex shape, irregularity and large batch in sheet metal processing.
At the same time, the operation of the NC system is simple and greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers.
The manufacturing process of non-standard equipment requires a large number of non-standard sheet metal parts.
The shape of sheet metal parts is not fixed, the traditional processing methods are difficult and energy consumption is high.
The introduction of numerical control technology has been widely used in sheet metal machine tools.
It solves the problems of high precision, complex shape and large batch in sheet metal processing, and has the characteristics of strong adaptability to workpiece modification, high machining precision and improving productivity.
Moreover, sheet metal processing technology is developing in a diversified direction.
What is sheet metal
At present, sheet metal can be defined as a comprehensive cold working process for sheet metal (usually less than 6mm), including shearing, punching/cutting/compounding, bending, welding, riveting, splicing, forming (such as automobile body), etc.
Its remarkable feature is that the thickness of the same part is the same.
Sheet metal fabrication equipment
Generally speaking, the basic equipment of sheet metal fabrication includes plate shearing machine, CNC punch/laser, plasma, water jet cutting machine, flame cutting machine, bending machine, and various auxiliary equipment, such as decoiler, leveling machine, deburring machine, spot welder, biting machine, etc.
Generally, some metal sheets are pressed by hand or die to produce plastic deformation to form the desired shape and size, and more complex parts can be formed by welding or a small amount of mechanical processing, such as chimneys, tin furnaces and car shells commonly used in families.
3 important steps for sheet metal processing
Generally, the three most important steps of sheet metal are shearing, punching/cutting and bending.
Through the use of numerical control equipment in recent years, the processing capacity of non-standard sheet metal parts can be enhanced.
At present, a complete set of sheet metal processing production line can be formed by the main numerical control water jet cutting machine, numerical control plate shearing machine, numerical control bending machine, numerical control turret punch, spot welding machine, plasma cutting machine and other equipment.
At present, there are many plate shearing and bending CNC systems used, such as Delem system in the Netherlands.
The application of the control system is relatively mature and stable.
Blanking
Blanking with the shearing machine is the first process in sheet metal processing, and the accuracy of blanking directly affects the processing quality of subsequent processes.
The numerical control plate shearing machine is composed of the numerical control device, servo system, measuring device and machine tool.
The servo system is composed of three servo motors and servo drive devices.
There are two servo motors positioned in front of the machine tool. Usually, one main motor works alone.
If the bevel is processed, the auxiliary motor works. The NC system gives two different commands to form the bevel.
There is a servo motor in the rear positioning.
The application of NC shearing machine makes the blanking repeated in large quantities, eliminates the marking and alignment process, improves the labor efficiency, and ensures the blanking size and the tolerance of blanking diagonal.
Waterjet cutting machine
The application of the NC water jet cutting machine makes the original complex shape and structure processing simple.
The operator directly writes the program into the program memory through the operation panel of the machine tool;
With the increasing maturity of microelectronics and computer technology, the development of numerical control technology is promoted.
With the development of CAD / CAM technology, operators can input graphics into the computer through computer-related software to generate programs, copy them into the disk, and input them into the NC system through the disk driver.
It can also be input by serial method between computer and NC system.
The processing of porous parts is positioned and cut at one time, and the cutting accuracy is as high as ± 0.1mm.
Press brake bending
Bending is a forming process in sheet metal processing. When the material is bent, the outer layer is stretched and the inner layer is compressed.
When the tensile stress of the outer layer exceeds the strength limit of the material, cracks and breaks will occur.
It is very important to reasonably select the parameters such as die width, bending fillet radius, pressure value and pressure holding time;
The traditional hydraulic bending machine can only estimate various parameters with the help of the manual.
The NC bending machine automatically adjusts the sheet width according to the input parameters, calculates the pressure, contact time and other relevant parameters required for bending through the NC system, and all parameters are displayed on the screen.
CNC bending machine is composed of CNC device, servo system, hydraulic device and machine tool.
The servo system is composed of a servo motor and a servo driving device.
A servo motor is positioned behind the machine tool.
The automatic positioning eliminates the process of manual marking and alignment.
The bending angle of the conventional die is arbitrarily adjustable between 78 ° – 180 °, and the minimum bending angle of the special die can reach 30 °, and the machining accuracy is guaranteed to be ± 0.5 °.
At the same time, through the selection of new molds, the processing of complex bending surfaces becomes a reality, such as processing some non-standard angle steel, channel steel, C-shaped steel, cable bridge, customized distribution cabinet, etc.
Products of different specifications can be made according to production needs.
In addition, NC bending has more obvious advantages in mass part processing. It can complete all bending programs of a workpiece at one time.
After the system is set, the positioning block will automatically adjust the part size according to the program, which can greatly reduce the amount of labor caused by handling parts.
Conclusion
Numerical control technology has been widely used in sheet metal machine tools. It solves the problems of high precision, complex shape and large batch in sheet metal processing.
Their application in production greatly improves the sheet metal processing capacity and ensures the quality and output of sheet metal parts.
At the same time, the use of CNC machine tools greatly simplifies the production process, reduces the processing time, improves the production efficiency, greatly improves the utilization rate of materials, reduces the production cost and reduces the labor intensity of workers. It will be the trend of equipment application and development in the future.
At the same time, the use of CNC machine tools greatly simplifies the production process, reduces the processing time, improves the production efficiency, greatly improves the utilization rate of materials, reduces the production cost and reduces the labor intensity of workers.
It will be the trend of equipment application and development in the future.
