A horizontal lathe is primarily utilized for machining a rotating workpiece with a cutting tool.
On a lathe, various tools such as drills, reamers, broachers, taps, dies, and knurling tools can be utilized for machining.
The horizontal lathe is designated by the model number C6xxx, where “C” represents the machine tool classification for lathes, and “6” indicates the horizontal type. The remaining digits represent specific parameters and upgrades for the lathe.
Lathe features
The lathe’s frame, bed, and oil pan are designed with an integral casting structure, providing high rigidity and excellent shock resistance, which aligns with the demands of high-speed cutting machine tools.
The bed head box features a three-point support structure, using tapered roller bearings, allowing for easy spindle adjustment and ensuring high rotation precision with good precision retention.
The feed box is equipped with a metric thread conversion mechanism for convenient and reliable thread selection.
The slide box is equipped with a cone clutch safety device to prevent damage to the parts in case of automatic tool overload.
The machine is also equipped with a four-station automatic feed mechanical stop device in the longitudinal direction, allowing for the longitudinal sizing of the part by adjusting the longitudinal position of the cam on the stop bar.
The tailstock is equipped with a shifting device to accommodate drilling and reaming needs.
The lathe’s lubrication system is designed for reliability, with the front box, feed box, and slide box all being body-spray lubricated, and further lubrication provided by the addition of line pump and plunger pump for the lubrication of specific parts.
Lathe parts
(1) Gearbox
The gearbox is utilized to alter the speed of the spindle. It is mainly composed of a transmission shaft and transmission gears. By adjusting the gearbox and shifting handle located on the exterior of the headstock, the position of the gear or clutch can be changed, allowing the spindle to operate at 12 different speeds. The spindle’s direction can be reversed by reversing the motor.
(2) Headstock
The headstock supports and allows the spindle to rotate at various speeds. The spindle is designed with a hollow center for easy passage through long workpieces. At the front end of the spindle, the tip can be mounted via a tapered hole, or a chuck and dial can be attached to the conical surface of the spindle’s front end to secure the workpiece.
(3) Hanging Wheel Box
The hanging wheel box is used to match gears with different numbers of teeth to achieve varying feed rates, mainly for turning different types of threads.
(4) Feed Box
The feed box is used to adjust the feed rate. By moving the main shaft through the hanging wheel box and changing the meshing position of the sliding gear in the feed box through the shifting handle, different speeds of the polished rod or screw rod can be achieved.
(5) Slide Box
The slide box changes the rotation of the light bar and screw to the automatic feed motion of the tool holder. The light bar is used for general turning and the screw is used only for threading. There is a mechanism in place in the slide box that prevents the two from being used simultaneously.
(6) Tool Holder
The tool holder holds the turning tool and allows it to move longitudinally, laterally, or obliquely.
Structure
(1) Bed Saddle
The bed saddle is connected to the slide box and can be moved along the bed rail with a lateral rail on it.
(2) Medium Skateboard
It can be moved laterally along the guide rails on the saddle.
(3) Turntable
It is attached to the middle slide plate with screws and can be adjusted to any angle in the horizontal plane by loosening the screws.
(4) Small Skateboard
The small skateboard can be moved a short distance along the guide rail above the turntable. When the turntable is angled, the small skateboard can be fed obliquely for cone turning.
(5) Square Knife Holder
The square knife holder is fixed on the small skateboard and can hold four turning tools simultaneously. By releasing the locking handle, the square knife holder can be rotated to bring the desired turning tool into the working position.
(6) Tailstock
The tailstock is used to support the rear end of the workpiece or to mount drilling and reaming tools for hole machining. It is composed of a sleeve, tailstock body, and base. By turning the handwheel, the sleeve can be adjusted to the desired distance, and the tailstock can be moved along the bed rail to the required position for different workpiece machining.
(8) Bed
The bed serves as the basic support for the lathe and is fixed to the bed legs. Its purpose is to support the main components and maintain their relative position during operation.
(9) Lead Screw
The lead screw drives the large carriage for longitudinal movement and is used to turn threads. It is a precision part in the lathe and is generally not automatically fed to maintain its precision over time.
(10) Light Bar
The light bar is used to transmit motion during motorized feed. The movement of the feed box can be transmitted to the slide box through the light bar, allowing the tool holder to be fed longitudinally or laterally.
(11) Joystick
The joystick is the control mechanism for the lathe. A handle is mounted on the left end of the joystick and the right side of the pallet, allowing the operator to easily control the spindle by rotating it forward, backward, or stopping it.
