Minimize Welding Stress: Causes and Elimination
1. What is welding stress Welding stress refers to the stress generated during the welding process in welded components. This stress is caused by the thermal process of welding and [...]
The most challenging aspect of budgeting for mechanical machining is accurately calculating the cost of stainless steel materials. It is often difficult to arrive at an exact figure, primarily due to the variable density of stainless steel. This variability is because stainless steel is an alloy with diverse components and concentrations, which results in no definitive density.
However, if the ratios of its different components are known, an accurate calculation can be achieved.
The densities of chrome stainless steel, chrome-nickel stainless steel, and chrome-manganese-nitrogen stainless steel all differ due to their varying compositions. Even within the same material, the density can vary based on the different components.
According to national standards and daily accumulations, the approximate densities (g/cm³) of various stainless steels are:
| Stainless Steel | Density |
| 201 | 7.93 |
| 202 | 7.93 |
| 301 | 7.93 |
| 302 | 7.93 |
| 304 | 7.93 |
| 304L | 7.93 |
| 305 | 7.93 |
| 321 | 7.93 |
| 309S | 7.98 |
| 310S | 7.98 |
| 316 | 7.98 |
| 316L | 7.98 |
| 347 | 7.98 |
| 405 | 7.75 |
| 410 | 7.75 |
| 420 | 7.75 |
| 409 | 7.7 |
| 430 | 7.7 |
| 434 | 7.7 |
| Grade | Density (Kg/dm³) |
| 00Cr30Mo2 | 7.64 |
| 00Cr27Mo | 7.67 |
| 1Cr17Mo | 7.7 |
| 1Cr15 | 7.7 |
| 3Cr16 | 7.7 |
| 00Cr27Mo | 7.67 |
| 1Cr17 | 7.7 |
| 00Cr17 | 7.7 |
| 7Cr17 | 7.7 |
| 1Cr12 | 7.76 |
| 1Cr13 | 7.76 |
| 0Cr13Ai | 7.75 |
| 00Cr12 | 7.76 |
| 0Cr13Ai | 7.75 |
| 2Cr13 | 7.75 |
| 3Cr13 | 7.75 |
| 0Cr18Ni13Si4 | 7.75 |
| 00Cr18Mo2 | 7.75 |
| 0Cr26Ni5Mo2 | 7.8 |
| 1Cr17Mn6Ni5N | 7.93 |
| 00Cr18Ni9S13 | 7.93 |
| 1Cr17Mn6Ni6N | 7.93 |
| 1Cr18nNi8Ni5N | 7.93 |
| 00Cr19Ni13Mo3 | 7.98 |
| 0Cr19Ni12Mo3 | 7.98 |
| 0Cr25Ni20 | 7.98 |
| 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2 | 7.98 |
| 00Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2 | 7.98 |
| 0Cr19Ni12Mo3 | 7.98 |
| 00Cr19Ni13Mo3 | 7.98 |
| 0Cr18Ni11Nb | 7.98 |
| 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N | 7.98 |
| 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 | 7.98 |
| 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N | 7.98 |
| 00Cr17Ni13Mo2N | 7.98 |
| 0Cr18Ni16Mo5 | 8 |
| 1Cr17Ni7 | 7.93 |
| 0Cr23Ni13 | 7.93 |
| 1Cr17Ni8 | 7.93 |
| 1Cr18Ni9 | 7.93 |
| 1Cr18Ni9Si3 | 7.93 |
| 0Cr19Ni9 | 7.93 |
| 00Cr19Ni11 | 7.93 |
| 0Cr19Ni9N | 7.93 |
| 0Cr18Ni11Ti | 7.93 |
| 0Cr17Ni17Al | 7.93 |
| China | Japan | United States | United Kingdom | Germany | France | Former Soviet Union |
| GB1220-92[84] | JIS | AISI | BS 970 Part4 | DIN 17440 | NFA35-572 | TOCT5632 |
| GB3220-92[84] | UNS | BS 1449 Part2 | DIN 17224 | NFA35-576~582 | ||
| NFA35-584 | ||||||
| 1Cr17Mn6Ni5N | SUS201 | 201 | — | — | — | — |
| 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N | SUS202 | 202 | — | — | — | 12×17.T9AH4 |
| — | — | S20200 | 284S16 | — | — | — |
| 2Cr13Mn9Ni4 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1Cr17Ni7 | SUS301 | 301 | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | S30100 | 301S21 | X12CrNi177 | Z12CN17.07 | — |
| 1Cr17Ni8 | SUS301J1 | — | — | X12CrNi177 | — | — |
| 1Cr18Ni9 | SUS302 | 302 | 302S25 | X12CrNi188 | Z10CN18.09 | 12×18H9 |
| 1Cr18Ni9Si3 | SUS302B | 302B | — | — | — | — |
| Y1Cr18Ni9 | SUS303 | 303 | 303S21 | X12CrNiS188 | Z10CNF18.09 | — |
| Y1Cr18Ni9Se | SUS303Se | 303Se | 303S41 | — | — | — |
| 0Cr18Ni9 | SUS304 | 304 | 304S15 | X2CrNi89 | Z6CN18.09 | 08×18B10 |
| 00Cr19Ni10 | SUS304L | 304L | 304S12 | X2CrNi189 | Z2CN18.09 | 03×18H11 |
| 0Cr19Ni9N | SUS304N1 | 304N | — | — | Z5CN18.09A2 | — |
| 00Cr19Ni10NbN | SUS304N | XM21 | — | — | — | — |
| 00Cr18Ni10N | SUS304LN | — | — | X2CrNiN1810 | Z2CN18.10N | |
| 1Cr18Ni12 | SUS305 | S30500 | 305S19 | X5CrNi1911 | Z8CN18.12 | 12×18H12T |
| [0Cr20Ni10] | SUS308 | 308 | — | — | — | — |
| 0Cr23Ni13 | SUS309S | 309S | — | — | — | — |
| 0Cr25Ni20 | SUS310S | 310S | — | — | — | — |
| 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N | SUS315N | 316N,S31651 | — | — | — | — |
| 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 | SUS316 | 316 | 316S16 | X5CrNiMo1812 | Z6CND17.12 | 08×17H12M2T |
| 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 | SUS316L | 316L | 316S12 | X2CrNiMo1812 | Z2CND17.12 | 03×17H12M2 |
| 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N | SUS316N | 316N | — | — | — | — |
| 00Cr17Ni13Mo2N | SUS316LN | — | — | X2CrNiMoN1812 | Z2CND17.12N | — |
| 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti | — | — | 320S17 | X10CrNiMo1810 | Z6CND17.12 | — |
| 0Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2 | SUS316J1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 00Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2 | SUS316J1L | — | — | — | — | — |
| 0Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 0Cr19Ni13Mo3 | SUS317 | 317 | 317S16 | — | — | 08X17H15M3T |
| 00Cr19Ni13Mo3 | SUS317L | 317L | 317S12 | X2CrNiMo1816 | — | 03X16H15M3 |
| 0Cr18Ni16Mo5 | SUS317J1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 0Cr18Ni11Ti | SUS321 | 321 | — | X10CrNiTi189 | Z6CNT18.10 | 08X18H10T |
| 1Cr18Ni9Ti | — | — | — | — | — | 12X18H20T |
| 0Cr18Ni11Nb | SUS347 | 347 | 347S17 | X10CrNiNb189 | Z6CNNb18.10 | 08X18H12B |
| 0Cr18Ni13Si4 | SUSXM15J1 | XM15 | — | — | — | — |
| 0Cr18Ni9Cu3 | SUSXM7 | XM7 | — | — | Z6CNU18.10 | — |
| 1Cr18Mn10NiMo3N | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti | — | — | 320S17 | X10CrNiMoTi1810 | Z8CND17.12 | — |
| 00Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2 | — | S31500 | — | 3RE60(瑞典) | — | — |
| 0Cr26Ni5Mo2 | SUS329J1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1Cr18Ni11Si4AlTi | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1Cr21Ni5Ti | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 0Cr13 | SUS410S | S41000 | — | X7Cr13 | Z6C13 | 08X13 |
| 1Cr13 | SUS410 | 410 | 410S21 | X10Cr13 | Z12Cr13 | 12X13 |
| 2Cr13 | SUS420J1 | 420 | 420S29 | X20Cr13 | Z20Cr13 | 30X13 |
| — | — | S4200 | 420S27 | — | — | — |
| 3Cr13 | SUS420J2 | — | 420S45 | — | — | 14X17H2 |
| 3Cr13Mo | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 3Cr16 | SUS429J1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1Cr17Ni2 | SUS431 | 431 | 431S29 | X22CrNi17 | Z15CN-02 | — |
| 7Cr17 | SUS440A | 440A | — | — | — | — |
| 11Cr17 | SUS440C | 440C | — | — | — | 95X18 |
| 8Cr17 | SUS440B | 44013 | — | — | — | — |
| 1Cr12 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 4Cr13 | SUS420J2 | — | — | X4DCr13 | Z40C13 | — |
| 9Cr18 | SUS440C | 440C | — | X105CrMo17 | Z100CD17 | — |
| 9Cr18Mo | SUS440C | 440C | — | — | — | — |
| 9Cr18MoV | SUS440B | 440B | — | X90CrMoV18 | Z6CN17.12 | — |
| 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb | SUS630 | 630 | — | — | — | — |
| 0Cr17Ni7Al | SUS631 | 631 | — | — | — | 09X17H710 |
| — | — | S17700 | — | X7CrNiAl177 | Z8CNA17.7 | — |
| 0Cr15Ni7Mo2Al | — | 632 | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | S15700 | — | — | Z8CND15.7 | — |
| 00Cr12 | SUS410 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 0Cr13Al[00Cr13Al] | SUS405 | 405 | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | S40500 | 405S17 | X7CrAl13 | Z6CA13 | — |
| 1Cr15 | SUS429 | 429 | — | — | — | — |
| 1Cr17 | SUS430 | 430 | — | — | — | 12X17 |
| — | — | S43000 | 430S15 | X8Cr17 | Z8C17 | — |
| [Y1Cr17] | SUS430F | 430F | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | S43020 | — | X12CrMoS17 | Z10CF17 | — |
| 00Cr17 | SUS430LX | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1Cr17Mo | SUS434 | 434 | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | S43400 | 434S19 | X6CrMo17 | Z8CD17.01 | — |
| 00Cr17Mo | SUS436L | — | — | — | — | — |
| 00Cr18Mo2 | SUS444 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 00Cr27Mo | SUSXM27 | XM27 | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | S44625 | — | — | Z01CD26.1 | — |
| 00Cr30Mo2 | SUS447J1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1Cr12 | SUS403 | 403,S40300 | 403S17 | — | — | — |
| 1Cr13Mo | SUS410J1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Grade | Density（g/cm3） |
| 1Cr18Ni9 0Cr19Ni19 00Cr19Ni11 0Cr18Ni11Ti (1Cr18Ni9Ti) | 7.93 |
| 0Cr25Ni20 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 0Cr18Ni11Nb | 7.98 |
| 00Cr17 | 7.70 |
| 0Cr13 00Cr18Mo2 | 7.75 |
These are some of the most commonly used stainless steel densities. The data may not be entirely accurate and is only provided as a reference.
If you are only making a rough calculation, you can use the general steel density of 7.85g/cm³ for your calculations. The deviation won’t be too large (however, for 316, the material price is too high, so a rough estimate will have a large discrepancy).
For standard materials, we can use relative theoretical data to calculate the weight. The formula is:
Weight (kg) = Thickness (mm) * Width (m) * Length (m) * Density value (g/cm³)
These are some of the most commonly used stainless steel density tables, provided only as a reference. If you are just making an estimate, you can calculate using the general steel density of 7850kg/cm³.
As the founder of MachineMFG, I have dedicated over a decade of my career to the metalworking industry. My extensive experience has allowed me to become an expert in the fields of sheet metal fabrication, machining, mechanical engineering, and machine tools for metals. I am constantly thinking, reading, and writing about these subjects, constantly striving to stay at the forefront of my field. Let my knowledge and expertise be an asset to your business.
EN 
DE 
ES 
RU 