Aluminum Alloy Hardness Chart: HW, HB, HV, HRB, HBA

The hardness of aluminum can be assessed through various testing methods, including Brinell hardness and Rockwell hardness. The hardness of aluminum alloys is related to the other metals they are alloyed with, such as magnesium, manganese, and copper. The addition of these elements can significantly enhance the corrosion resistance and hardness of aluminum.

Different series of aluminum alloys have different hardness values; for example, there are differences between the hardness of 7075 aluminum alloy and 6063 aluminum alloy. Furthermore, the hardness of aluminum alloys can also be measured with specific hardness testers, such as Vickers hardness testers, and the Rockwell hardness testing method.

This indicates that the hardness values of aluminum alloys can vary depending on different testing methods and standards. Simultaneously, the hardness of aluminum alloys can also be improved through surface treatment methods. For example, anodizing can significantly increase the hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloys.

Aluminum Alloy Hardness Chart

The table below provides typical Vickers hardness values measured with a Tianxing W-20 Vickers hardness tester for nearly 400 different grades of aluminum alloy materials with different heat treatment processes.

The Vickers hardness values in the table are actual measured typical hardness values of various aluminum alloy materials and are not used as the basis for whether the material is qualified. The hardness qualification values for various materials should refer to the corresponding product technical specifications. For example, it is stipulated in the national standard GB 5237.1 “Aluminum Alloy Building Profiles Part 1: Base Material” that the Vickers hardness value of 6063-T5 should not be less than 8HW, and the Vickers hardness value of 6063A-T5 should not be less than 10HW.

The Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, and Barcol hardness are for reference only and cannot be used for conversion. If conversion is required, it is recommended to use the hardness conversion table of the American standard ASTM E140.

Aluminum Alloy Hardness Chart

No	Aluminum Alloy Grade	HW	HB	HV	HRB	HBA
1	Alpase K100-S™ Plate	11.4	62			69
2	Alpase K100™ Plate	11	60			68
3	Alpase M-1™ Plate	15	95	107	60	79
4	Weldural alloy, 100 mm	17.4	130	149	79	88
5	Weldural alloy, 200 mm	17.4	130	149	79	88
6	Weldural alloy, 300 mm	17.4	130	149	79	88
7	Weldalite 049-T81	17.2	123	140	76	87
8	Weldalite 049-Solution treatment	17.4	129	147	78	88
9	Weldalite 049-T3	18	140	162	84	91
10	1050-H14	0	30			45
11	1050-H16	2.5	35			51
12	1050-H18	6.3	43			58
13	1060-H12	0	23			35
14	1060-H14	0	26			40
15	1060-H16	0	30			45
16	1060-H18	2.5	35			51
17	1100-H12	0	28			42
18	1100-H14	0	32			47
19	1100-H16	4.2	38			54
20	1100-H18	6.8	44			59
21	1100-H19 Foil	10.1	55			66
22	1100-O	0	23			35
23	1145-H18	4.2	39			54
24	1145-H19 Foil	6.8	45			59
25	1180-H18	0	30			45
26	1199-H18	0	31			46
27	1235-H19 Foil	6.8	45			59
28	1235-O Foil	6.8	45			59
29	1350-H12	0	26			40
30	1350-H14	0	30			45
31	1350-H16	1.3	34			49
32	1350-H19	8.8	50			63
33	1350-O	0	23			35
34	2011-T3	15	95	107	60	79
35	2011-T3	15	95	107	60	79
36	2011-T4	13.7	80	90	49	75
37	2011-T6	15.3	97	109	61	80
38	2011-T8	15.3	100	112	63	80
39	2011-T8	15.3	100	112	63	80
40	2014-O	6.8	45			59
41	2014-T4; 2014-T451	15.9	105	118	67	82
42	2014-T6; 2014-T651	17.8	135	155	82	90
43	2017-O	6.8	45			59
44	2017-T4; 2017-T451	15.9	105	118	66	82
45	2018-T61	16.9	120	137	75	86
46	2024-O	7.8	47			61
47	2024-T3	16.9	120	137	75	86
48	2024-T361	17.4	130	149	80	88
49	2024-T4; 2024-T351	16.9	120	137	75	86
50	2024-T6	17.2	125	142	78	87
51	2024-T81	17.4	128	146	79	88
52	2024-T851	17.4	128	146	79	88
53	2024-T86	17.8	135	155	82	90
54	2025-T6	16.2	110	124	69	83
55	2036-T4	15	95	107	60	79
56	2048	16.9	122	139	76	86
57	2090-O	10.6	57			67
58	2090-T3	14.3	86	97	53	77
59	2090-T84	18	140	162	84	91
60	2091-T8x	16.4	115	130	71	84
61	2091-T8x, 0.1 Cold deformation	16.9	120	137	75	86
62	2117-T4	12.6	70	81		72
63	2124-T351	16.9	120	137	75	86
64	2124-T851	17.4	128	146	79	88
65	2218-T61	16.4	115	126	71	84
66	2218-T71	15.9	105	118	66	82
67	2218-T72	15	95	107	60	79
68	2219-O	7.3	46			60
69	2219-T31	15.3	100	113	63	80
70	2219-T351	15.3	100	113	63	80
71	2219-T37	16.7	117	133	73	85
72	2219-T62	16.4	115	130	72	84
73	2219-T81	17.4	130	149	80	88
74	2219-T851	17.4	130	149	80	88
75	2219-T87	17.4	130	149	80	88
76	2618-T61	16.4	115	130	72	84
77	3003-H12	2.5	35			51
78	3003-H14	4.7	40			55
79	3003-H16	7.8	47			61
80	3003-H18	10.1	55			66
81	3003-H19 Foil	12.2	68	76		71
82	3003-O	0	28			42
83	3004-H19	13.7	79	89		75
84	3004-H32	9.2	52			64
85	3004-H34	11.4	63	73		69
86	3004-H36	12.6	70	80		72
87	3004-H38	13.3	77	87		74
88	3004-O	6.8	45			59
89	3005-H14	8.3	49			62
90	3005-H18	11.8	65	75		70
91	3005-O	2.5	35			51
92	3104-H19	13.3	78	88		74
93	3105-H12	5.3	41			56
94	3105-H14	7.3	46			60
95	3105-H16	9.7	53			65
96	3105-H18	10.6	58			67
97	3105-H25	8.3	49			62
98	3105-O	0	31			46
99	4032-T6	16.9	120	137	75	86
100	4032-T651	16.9	120	136	75	86
101	4032-T86	16.9	120	136	75	86
102	4043-H14	7.3	46			60
103	4043-H16	9.7	54			65
104	4043-H18	13.3	77	87		74
105	4043-O	4.2	39			54
106	5005-H12	4.2	38			54
107	5005-H14	6.3	43			58
108	5005-H16	8.3	49			62
109	5005-H18	9.7	54			65
110	5005-H32	3.1	36			52
111	5005-H34	5.3	41			56
112	5005-H36	7.3	46			60
113	5005-H38	10.1	55			66
114	5005-O	0	28			42
115	5042-H19	15	96	108	60	79
116	5050-H32	7.3	46			60
117	5050-H34	9.7	53			65
118	5050-H36	10.6	58			67
119	5050-H38	11.4	63	73		69
120	5050-O	3.1	36			52
121	5052-H19 Foil	14.3	88	99	54	77
122	5052-H32	11	60	68		68
123	5052-H34	12.2	68	78		71
124	5052-H36	12.9	73	83		73
125	5052-H38	13.3	77	87		74
126	5052-O	7.8	47			61
127	5056-H18	15.9	105	118	66	82
128	5056-H191 Foil	16.9	120	137	75	86
129	5056-H38	15.3	100	112	63	80
130	5056-O	11.8	65	75		70
131	5082-H19	15.9	106	120	67	82
132	5083-H112	13.7	81	91	50	75
133	5083-H116; 5083-H321	14	85	96	53	76
134	5083-H32; 5083-H323	14.3	87	98	54	77
135	5083-H34; 5083-H343	14.7	93	104	58	78
136	5083-O	13.3	77	87		74
137	5086-H112	12.9	73	83		73
138	5086-H116; 5086-H32	13.3	78	88		74
139	5086-H34	14.3	87	98	54	77
140	5086-O	12.6	70	80		72
141	5154-H112	11.4	63	73		69
142	5154-H32	12.2	67	77		71
143	5154-H34	12.9	73	83		73
144	5154-H36	12.2	67	77		71
145	5154-H38	13.7	80	90	49	75
146	5154-O	10.6	58			67
147	5182-H19	16.2	112	127	70	83
148	5182-H32	14	85	96	53	76
149	5182-H34	14.7	91	102	57	78
150	5182-O	12.9	74	84		73
151	5252-H25; 5252-H38	12.2	68	78		71
152	5252-H28	13.3	75	85		74
153	5252-O	7.3	46			60
154	5254-H112	11.4	63	73		69
155	5254-H32	12.2	67	77		71
156	5254-H34	12.9	73	83		73
157	5254-H36	13.3	78	88		74
158	5254-H38	13.7	80	90	49	75
159	5254-O	10.6	58			67
160	5454-H111; 5454-H311	12.6	70	80		72
161	5454-H112	11.4	62			69
162	5454-H32	12.9	73	83		73
163	5454-H34	13.7	81			75
164	5454-O	11.4	62	72		69
165	5456-H111	14.3	87	98	54	77
166	5456-H112	14	83	94	51	76
167	5456-H116; 5456-H321	14.7	90	101	56	78
168	5456-H24	14.7	90	101	56	78
169	5456-O	14	83	94	51	76
170	5457-H25	8.3	48			62
171	5457-H28; 5457-H38	10.1	55			66
172	5457-O	0	32			47
173	5652-H32	11	60	70		68
174	5652-H34	12.2	68	78		71
175	5652-H36	12.9	73	83		73
176	5652-H38	13.3	77	87		74
177	5652-O	7.8	47			61
178	5657-H25	4.7	40			55
179	5657-H28; 5657-H38	8.8	50			63
180	5657-O	0	28			42
181	6005-T1	7.3	46			60
182	6005-T5	15	95	107	60	79
183	6009-T4	11.4	62	70		69
184	6009-T6	14.7	91	102	57	78
185	6010-T4	13.3	78	88		74
186	6013-T651	17.4	130	149	80	88
187	6013-T8 0.3-1.9 cm	17.4	130	149	80	88
188	6013-T8 1.9-3.8 cm	17.4	130	149	80	88
189	6013-T8 3.8-8.2 cm	17.4	130	149	80	88
190	6020-T651	15	95	107	60	79
191	6020-T8	15.3	100	112	63	80
192	6020-T9	16.9	120	136	75	86
193	6053-O	0	26			40
194	6053-T6	13.7	80	90	49	75
195	6061-O	0	30			45
196	6061-T4; 6061-T451	11.8	65	75		70
197	6061-T6; 6061-T651	15	95	107	60	79
198	6061-T8	16.9	120	136	75	86
199	6061-T91	15.9	108	123	69	82
200	6061-T913	17.2	123	139	76	87
201	6063-O	0	25			38
202	6063-T1	5.8	42			57
203	6063-T4	7.3	46			60
204	6063-T5	11	60	70		68
205	6063-T6	12.9	73	83		73
206	6063-T83	14	82	92	50	76
207	6063-T831	12.6	70	80		72
208	6063-T832	15	95	107	60	79
209	6063-T835	15.9	105	118	66	82
210	6066-O	6.3	43			58
211	6066-T4; 6066-T451	14.7	90	101	56	78
212	6066-T6; 6066-T651	16.9	120	137	75	86
213	6070-O	2.5	35			51
214	6070-T4	14.7	90	101	56	78
215	6070-T6	16.9	120	137	75	86
216	6101-H111	0	26			40
217	6101-T6	12.6	71	81		72
218	6151-T6	15.3	100	112	63	80
219	6201-T6	14.7	90	101	56	78
220	6201-T81	14.3	88	99	55	77
221	6205-T1	11.8	65	75		70
222	6205-T5	15	95	107	60	79
223	6262-T6	12.6	71	81		72
224	6262-T8	15.6	103	116	65	81
225	6262-T9	16.9	120	137	75	86
226	6351-T4; 6351-T451	12.2	67	77		71
227	6351-T54	10.6	58			67
228	6351-T6; 6351-T651	15	95	107	60	79
229	6463-O	0	25			38
230	6463-T1	5.8	42			57
231	6463-T4	7.3	46			60
232	6463-T5	11	60	68		68
233	6463-T6	12.9	74	84		73
234	6951-O	0	28			42
235	6951-T6	14	82	92	50	76
236	7001-O	11	60			68
237	7005-O	9.7	53			65
238	7005-T53	15.9	105	118	66	82
239	7005-T6, 7005-T63	15	94	106	59	79
240	7005-T6351	15	94	106	59	79
241	7005-W	14.7	93	105	50	78
242	7016-T5	15	96	108	60	79
243	7021-T62	16.2	112	127	70	83
244	7029-T5	16.4	115	128	71	84
245	7039-O	11.4	61	69		69
246	7039-T61	17.2	123	140	76	87
247	7039-T64	17.6	133	153	81	89
248	7049-T73; 7049-T7352	17.8	135	155	82	90
249	7050-T73511; 7050-T73510	17.6	132	151	80	89
250	7050-T7451 (7050-T73651)	18	140	162	84	91
251	7072-H12	0	28			42
252	7072-H14	0	32			47
253	7075-O	11	60	68		68
254	7075-T73; 7075-T735x	17.8	135	155	82	90
255	7175-T7351	17.8	135	155	82	90
256	7175-T736;7175-T7365x	18.2	145	169	86	92
257	7178-O	11	60	68		68
258	7475-T7351	17.8	135	155	82	90
259	7475-T761	18	140	162	84	91
260	7475-T7651	18	140	162	84	91
261	8001-H18	9.7	54			65
262	8001-O	0	30			45
263	8081-H112	9.7	53			65
264	8081-H25	6.8	45			59
265	8090-T3	14.7	91	102	57	78
266	8090-T511;+B35 8090-T6511	17.8	137	158	83	90
267	8090-T81	16.7	116	137	73	85
268	8090-T8151	16.9	121	137	75	86
269	8090-T852	17.4	128	146	79	88
270	8090-T8771; 8090-T651	18	138	158	83	91
271	8090-T8x	17.4	130	149	80	88
272	8280-H18	11	59	67		68
273	8280-O	0	31			46
274	201.0-T6 Casting alloy	17.8	135	155	82	90
275	201.0-T7 Sand casting	17.2	125	153	77	87
276	201.0-T4 Sand casting	15	95	107	60	79
277	204.0-T4 Die casting	16.2	110	124	69	83
278	204.0-T4 Sand casting	16.2	110	124	69	83
279	204.0-T6 Sand casting	15.9	105	118	66	82
280	204.0-T6 Sand casting	17.2	125	143	77	87
281	204.0-T6 Die casting	15.9	105	118	66	82
282	204.0-T6 Die casting,	17.2	125	143	77	87
283	208.0-T4 Die casting	13.3	75	85	45	74
284	208.0-T6 Die casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
285	208.0-T7 Die casting	13.7	80	90	49	75
286	208.0-F Sand casting	10.1	55			66
287	206.0-T7 Casting alloy	16.9	120	137	75	86
288	A206.0-T7 Casting alloy	16.9	120	137	75	86
289	222.0-O Sand casting	13.7	80	90	49	75
290	222.0-T551 Die casting	16.4	115	130	72	84
291	222.0-T61 Sand casting	16.4	115	130	72	84
292	222.0-T65 Die casting	18	140	162	84	91
293	242.0-O Sand casting	12.6	70	80		72
294	242.0-T571 Die casting	15.9	105	118	66	82
295	242.0-T571 Sand casting	14	85	96	53	76
296	242.0-T61 Die casting	16.2	110	124	69	83
297	242.0-T61 Sand casting	15.9	105	118	66	82
298	242.0-T77 Sand casting	13.3	75	85		74
299	242.0-T21 Sand casting	12.6	70	80		72
300	295.0-T4 Sand casting	11	60	70		68
301	295.0-T6 Sand casting	13.3	75	85		74
302	295.0-T62 Sand casting	15	95	107	60	79
303	295.0-T7 Sand casting	12.6	70	80		72
304	296.0-T6 Die casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
305	296.0-T4 Casting alloy	13.3	75	85		74
306	296.0-T7 Casting alloy	13.7	80	90	49	75
307	308.0-F Die casting	12.6	70	80		72
308	319.0-F Die casting	14	85	96	53	76
309	319.0-F Sand casting	12.6	70	80		72
310	319.0-T5 Sand casting	13.7	80	90	49	75
311	319.0-T6 Die casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
312	319.0-T6 Sand casting	13.7	80	90	49	75
313	328.0-F Sand casting	11	60	70		68
314	328.0-T6 Sand casting	13.7	80	90	49	75
315	332.0-T5 Die casting	15.9	105	118	66	82
316	333.0-F Die casting	14	83	94	51	76
317	333.0-T5 Die casting	14.3	88	99	55	77
318	333.0-T6 Die casting	15.3	100	113	63	80
319	333.0-T7 Die casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
320	336.0-T551 Die casting	15.9	105	118	66	82
321	336.0-T65 Die casting	17.2	125	143	77	87
322	355.0-T51 Die casting	13.3	75	85		74
323	355.0-T51 Sand casting	11.8	65	75		70
324	355.0-T6 Die casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
325	355.0-T6 Sand casting	14.3	88	99	55	77
326	355.0-T62 Die casting	15.9	105	118	66	82
327	355.0-T7 Die casting	14	85	96	53	76
328	355.0-T7 Sand casting	14	85	96	53	76
329	355.0-T71 Die casting	13.7	80	90	49	75
330	355.0-T71 Sand casting	13.3	78	88		74
331	C355.0-T6 Sand casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
332	C355.0-T61 Die casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
333	356.0-F Die casting	10.1	55			66
334	356.0-F Sand casting	10.1	55			66
335	356.0-T51 Die casting	12.6	70	80		72
336	356.0-T51 Sand casting	11	60	70		68
337	356.0-T6 Die casting	13.7	80	90	49	75
338	356.0-T6 Sand casting	12.9	73	83		73
339	356.0-T7 Die casting	13.3	75	85		74
340	356.0-T7 Sand casting	13.3	75	85		74
341	356.0-T71 Die casting	13.3	75	85		74
342	356.0-T71 Sand casting	11	60	70		68
343	A356.0-T6 Sand casting	14.3	88	99	55	77
344	A356.0-T61 Die casting	14	85	96	53	76
345	357.0-T6 Die casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
346	A357.0-T61 Die casting	15.3	100	113	63	80
347	359.0-T61 Die casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
348	359.0-T62 Die casting	15.3	100	113	63	80
349	383.0-F Die-casting alloy	13.3	75	85		74
350	384.0-F Die-casting alloy	14	85	96	53	76
351	A384.0-F Die-casting alloy	14	85	96	53	76
352	A390.0-F Sand casting	15.3	100	113	63	80
353	A390.0-T6 Sand casting	18	140	162	84	91
354	A390.0-T7 Sand casting	16.4	115	130	72	84
355	A390.0-F, -T5 Die casting	16.2	110	124	69	83
356	A390.0-T6 Die casting	18.2	145	169	86	92
357	A390.0-T7 Die casting	16.9	120	137	75	86
358	390.0-F Traditional die casting	16.9	120	137	75	86
359	390.0-T5 Traditional die casting	17.2	125	143	77	87
360	390.0-F Twin-plunger die casting	16.2	110	124	69	83
361	390.0-T5 Twin-plunger die casting	16.2	110	124	69	83
362	390.0-T7 Twin-plunger die casting	17.2	125	143	77	87
363	443.0-F Die casting	6.8	45			59
364	443.0-F Sand casting	4.7	40			55
365	B443.0-F Die casting	6.8	45			59
366	B443.0-F Sand casting	4.7	40			55
367	512.0-F Sand casting	8.8	50			63
368	513.0-F Die casting	11	60	70		68
369	514.0-F Sand casting	8.8	50			63
370	518.0-F Die-casting alloy	13.7	80	90	49	75
371	520.0-T4 Sand casting	13.3	75	85		74
372	535.0-F or 535.0-T5,	13.3	75	85		74
373	A535.0-F or 535.0-T5,	13.3	75	85		74
374	B535.0-F or 535.0-T5,	13.3	75	85		74
375	705.0-F Sand casting	11.8	65	75		70
376	705.0-T5 Die casting	12.6	70	80		72
377	705.0-T5 Sand casting	11.8	65	75		70
378	707.0-T5 Sand casting	14	85	96	53	76
379	707.0-T7 Die casting	15	95	107	60	79
380	707.0-T7 Sand casting	13.7	80	90	49	75
381	710.0-T5 Sand casting	13.3	75	85		74
382	711.0-T1 Die casting	12.6	70	80		72
383	712.0-T5 Sand casting	13.3	75	85		74
384	712.0-F Sand casting	13.3	75	85		74
385	713.0-F Sand casting	13.3	75	85		74
386	713.0-T5 Die casting	13.3	75	85		74
387	713.0-T5 Sand casting	13.3	75	85		74
388	771.0-T5 Sand casting	15.3	100	113	63	80
389	771.0-T51 Sand casting	14	85	96	53	76
390	771.0-T52 Sand casting	14	85	96	53	76
391	771.0-T6 Sand casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
392	771.0-T71 Sand casting	16.9	120	137	75	86
393	850.0-T5 Die casting	6.8	45			59
394	850.0-T5 Sand casting	6.8	45			59
395	851.0-T5 Die casting	6.8	45			59
396	851.0-T5 Sand casting	6.8	45			59
397	852.0-T5 Die casting	12.6	70	80		72
398	852.0-T5 Sand casting	11	60	70		68

Which elements added to an aluminum alloy can most significantly enhance its hardness?

Elements such as magnesium, manganese, titanium, and rare earth elements (like lanthanum and yttrium) can be added to an aluminum alloy to enhance its hardness. Incorporating magnesium can notably increase the tensile strength of aluminum; for each 1% increase in magnesium, the tensile strength increases by approximately 34 MPa.

The introduction of manganese can supplement the strengthening effect and also decrease the susceptibility to thermal cracking.

Furthermore, the addition of rare earth elements (like lanthanum and yttrium) can enhance the resistance to the peeling of the oxidation layer. Hence, the incorporation of these elements can boost the hardness of aluminum alloys to varying degrees.

How can the hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloys be improved through surface treatment methods?

There are several methods that can be employed to enhance the hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloys through surface treatment:

Anodic oxidation treatment: This common method involves forming a dense oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy, thereby enhancing its hardness and corrosion resistance.

Surface electroplating: By coating a layer of metal (such as tin or copper) on the surface of the aluminum alloy, its hardness and wear resistance can be effectively improved.

Spraying wear-resistant coatings: A special wear-resistant coating is evenly sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy material to form a uniform, dense, and hard coating. This method not only improves wear resistance and corrosion resistance but also enhances the appearance.

Cold work hardening: This method hardens the aluminum alloy at room temperature through cold working, suitable for aluminum alloy materials that need to maintain their original shape.

Heat treatment: For certain specific types of aluminum alloys (like 6061), their strength and hardness can be enhanced through aging treatment. This usually involves an aging treatment after solution treatment.

Direct current magnetron sputtering deposition of amorphous CrAlN coating: This method deposits an amorphous CrAlN coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy, improving its corrosion resistance and wear resistance.

Thermal spraying and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis: These methods can prepare wear-resistant ceramic coatings on the surface of the aluminum alloy, significantly improving the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy.

Aluminum Alloy Hardness Chart: HW, HB, HV, HRB, HBA

Aluminum Alloy Hardness Chart

Aluminum Alloy Hardness Chart

Which elements added to an aluminum alloy can most significantly enhance its hardness?

How can the hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloys be improved through surface treatment methods?

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