Recently we’ve been getting a lot of inquiries from readers about mechanical property tables for various metals, such as the shear strength, tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of steel, etc.
To meet the needs of our readers, we have compiled the following mechanical properties tables listing various ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
Hope that helps!
Table of mechanical properties of ferrous materials
| Material | Grade | Material Status |
Shear Strength τ(MPa) |
Tensile Strength σb(MPa) |
Elongation σs(%) |
Yield Strength δ(MPa) |
Elastic Modulus Е(MPa) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industrial pure iron for electricians C>0.025 | DT1 DT2 DT3 |
annealed | 180 | 230 | 26 | ||
| Electrical Silicon Steel | D11、D12 D21、D31 D32、D370 D310~340 S41~48 |
annealed | 190 | 230 | 26 | ||
| Ordinary carbon steel | Q195 | unannealed | 260~320 | 315~390 | 28~33 | 195 | |
| Q215 | 270~340 | 335~410 | 26~31 | 215 | |||
| Q235 | 310~380 | 375~460 | 21~26 | 235 | |||
| Q255 | 340~420 | 410~510 | 19~24 | 255 | |||
| Q275 | 400~500 | 490~610 | 15~20 | 275 | |||
| Carbon tool steel | 08F | annealed | 220~310 | 280~390 | 32 | 180 | |
| 10F | 260~360 | 330~450 | 32 | 200 | 190000 | ||
| 15F | 220~340 | 280~420 | 30 | 190 | |||
| 08 | 260~340 | 300~440 | 29 | 210 | 198000 | ||
| 10 | 250~370 | 320~460 | 28 | — | |||
| 15 | 270~380 | 340~480 | 26 | 280 | 202000 | ||
| 20 | 280~400 | 360~510 | 35 | 250 | 21000 | ||
| 25 | 320~440 | 400~550 | 34 | 280 | 202000 | ||
| 30 | 360~480 | 450~600 | 22 | 300 | 201000 | ||
| 35 | 400~520 | 500~650 | 20 | 320 | 201000 | ||
| 40 | 420~540 | 520~670 | 18 | 340 | 213500 | ||
| 45 | 440~560 | 550~700 | 16 | 360 | 204000 | ||
| 50 | normalized | 440~580 | 550~730 | 14 | 380 | 220000 | |
| 55 | 550 | ≥670 | 43 | 390 | — | ||
| 60 | 550 | ≥700 | 12 | 410 | 208000 | ||
| 65 | 600 | ≥730 | 10 | 420 | — | ||
| 70 | 600 | ≥760 | 9 | 430 | 210000 | ||
| T7~T12 T7A~T12A |
annealed | 600 | 750 | 10 | — | — | |
| T8A | cold hardened | 600~950 | 750~1200 | — | — | — | |
| High-quality carbon steel | 10Mn | annealed | 320~460 | 400~580 | 22 | 230 | 211000 |
| 65Mn | 600 | 750 | 12 | 400 | 21000 | ||
| Alloy structural steel | 25CrMnSiA 25CrMnSi |
low-temperature annealed | 400~560 | 500~700 | 18 | 950 | — |
| 30CrMnSiA 30CrMnSi |
440~6000 | 550~750 | 16 | 1450 850 |
— | ||
| Quality spring steel | 60Si2Mn 60Si2MnA 65SiWA |
low-temperature annealed | 720 | 900 | 10 | 1200 | 200000 |
| cold hardened | 640~960 | 800~1200 | 10 | 1400 1600 |
— | ||
| Stainless steel | 1Cr13 | annealed | 320~380 | 400~470 | 21 | 420 | 210000 |
| 2Cr13 | 320~400 | 400~500 | 20 | 450 | 210000 | ||
| 3Cr13 | 400~480 | 500~600 | 18 | 480 | 210000 | ||
| 4Cr13 | 400~480 | 500~600 | 15 | 500 | 210000 | ||
| 1Cr18Ni19 2Cr18Ni19 |
heat-treated | 460~520 | 580~640 | 35 | 200 | 200000 | |
| rolled, cold-hardened | 800~880 | 1000~1100 | 38 | 220 | 200000 | ||
| 1Cr18Ni9Ti | Heat-treated softened | 430~550 | 540~700 | 40 | 200 | 200000 |
Shear strength table of steel when heated
| Steel Grade | Heating temperature ℃ | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 200 | 500 | 600 | 700 | 800 | 900 | |
| Q195, Q215, 08, 15 | 360 | 320 | 200 | 110 | 60 | 30 |
| Q235, Q255, 20, 25 | 450 | 450 | 240 | 130 | 90 | 60 |
| Q275, 30, 35 | 530 | 520 | 330 | 160 | 90 | 70 |
| 40, 45, 50 | 600 | 580 | 380 | 190 | 90 | 70 |
Note: The value of the shear strength of the material should be taken at the stamping temperature, which is usually 150~200℃ lower than the heating temperature.
Table of mechanical properties of non-ferrous metals
| Material | Grade | Material Status | Shear Strength τ(MPa) | Tensile Strength σb(MPa) | Elongation σs (%) |
Yield Strength δ (MPa) |
Elastic Modulus Е (MPa) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminum | 1070A,1050A 1200 | Annealed | 80 | 75～110 | 25 | 50～80 | 72000 |
| Cold hardened | 100 | 120～150 | 4 | 120～240 | |||
| Aluminum manganese alloys | 3A21 | Annealed | 70～100 | 110～145 | 19 | 50 | 71000 |
| Semi-cold hardened | 100～140 | 155～200 | 13 | 130 | |||
| Aluminum-magnesium alloy Aluminum-magnesium-copper alloy |
SA02 | Annealed | 130～160 | 180～230 | — | 100 | 70000 |
| Semi-cold hardened | 160～200 | 230～280 | 210 | ||||
| High strength aluminum-magnesium-copper alloy | 7A04 | Annealed | 170 | 250 | — | — | — |
| Hardened and artificially aged | 350 | 500 | 460 | 70000 | |||
| Magnesium-manganese alloy | MB1 MB8 |
Annealed | 120～140 | 170～190 | 3～5 | 98 | 43600 |
| Annealed | 170～190 | 220～230 | 12～24 | 140 | 40000 | ||
| Cold hardened | 190～200 | 240～250 | 8～10 | 160 | |||
| Rigid aluminum | 2Al12 | Annealed | 105～150 | 150～215 | 12 | — | — |
| Hardened with natural aging | 280～310 | 400～440 | 15 | 368 | 72000 | ||
| Cold hardened after hardening | 280～320 | 400～460 | 10 | 340 | |||
| Pure copper | T1、T2、T3 | Soft | 160 | 200 | 30 | 70 | 108000 |
| Hard | 240 | 300 | 3 | 380 | 130000 | ||
| Brass | H62 | Soft | 260 | 300 | 35 | 380 | 100000 |
| Semi-hard | 300 | 380 | 20 | 200 | — | ||
| Hard | 420 | 420 | 10 | 480 | — | ||
| Brass | H68 | Soft | 240 | 300 | 40 | 100 | 110000 |
| Semi-hard | 280 | 350 | 25 | — | |||
| Hard | 400 | 400 | 15 | 250 | 115000 | ||
| Lead brass | HPb59-1 | Soft | 300 | 350 | 25 | 142 | 93000 |
| Hard | 400 | 450 | 5 | 420 | 105000 | ||
| Manganese brass | HMn58-2 | Soft | 340 | 390 | 25 | 170 | 100000 |
| Semi-hard | 400 | 450 | 15 | — | |||
| Hard | 520 | 600 | 5 | ||||
| Tin-phosphorus bronze Tin-Zinc-Bronze |
QSn4-4-2.5 QSn4-3 |
Soft | 260 | 300 | 38 | 140 | 100000 |
| Hard | 480 | 550 | 3～5 | ||||
| Extra-hard | 500 | 650 | 1～2 | 546 | 124000 | ||
| Aluminum bronze | QAl17 | Annealed | 520 | 600 | 10 | 186 | — |
| Un-annealed | 560 | 650 | 5 | 250 | 115000～130000 | ||
| Aluminum manganese bronze | QAl9-2 | Soft | 360 | 450 | 18 | 300 | 92000 |
| Hard | 480 | 600 | 5 | 500 | — | ||
| Silicon-manganese bronze | QBi3-1 | Soft | 280～300 | 350～380 | 40～45 | 239 | 120000 |
| Hard | 480～520 | 600～650 | 3～5 | 540 | — | ||
| Extra-hard | 560～600 | 700～750 | 1～2 | — | — | ||
| Beryllium bronze | QBe2 | Soft | 240～480 | 300～600 | 30 | 250～350 | 117000 |
| Hard | 520 | 660 | 2 | 1280 | 132000～141000 | ||
| Cupro-nickel | B19 | Soft | 240 | 300 | 25 | — | — |
| Hard | 360 | 450 | 3 | ||||
| Nickel silver | BZn15-20 | Soft | 280 | 350 | 35 | 207 | — |
| Hard | 400 | 550 | 1 | 486 | 126000～140000 | ||
| Extra-hard | 520 | 650 | — | ||||
| Nickel | Ni-3～Ni-5 | Soft | 350 | 400 | 35 | 70 | — |
| Hard | 470 | 550 | 2 | 210 | 210000～230000 | ||
| German silver | BZn15-20 | Soft | 300 | 350 | 35 | — | — |
| Hard | 480 | 550 | 1 | ||||
| Extra-hard | 560 | 650 | 1 | ||||
| Zinc | Zn-3～Zn-6 | — | 120～200 | 140～230 | 40 | 75 | 80000～130000 |
| Lead | Pb-3～Pb-6 | — | 20～30 | 25～40 | 40～50 | 5～10 | 15000～17000 |
| Tin | Sn1～Sn4 | — | 30～40 | 40～50 | — | 12 | 41500～55000 |
| Titanium alloy | TA2 | Annealed | 360～480 | 450～600 | 25～30 | — | — |
| TA3 | 440～600 | 550～750 | 20～25 | ||||
| TA5 | 640～680 | 800～850 | 15 | 800～900 | 104000 | ||
| Magnesium alloy | MB1 | Cold state | 120～140 | 170～190 | 3～5 | 120 | 40000 |
| MB8 | 150～180 | 230～240 | 14～15 | 220 | 41000 | ||
| MB1 | Preheat 300°C | 30～50 | 30～50 | 50～52 | — | 40000 | |
| MB8 | 50～70 | 50～70 | 58～62 | — | 41000 | ||
| Silver | — | — | — | 180 | 50 | 30 | 81000 |
| Fungible alloy | Ni29Co18 | — | 400～500 | 500～600 | — | — | — |
| Copper constantan | BMn40-1.5 | Soft | — | 400～600 | — | — | — |
| Hard | — | 650 | — | — | — | ||
| Tungsten | — | Annealed | — | 720 | 0 | 700 | 312000 |
| Un-annealed | — | 1491 | 1～4 | 800 | 380000 | ||
| Molybdenum | — | Annealed | 20～30 | 1400 | 20～25 | 385 | 280000 |
| Un-annealed | 32～34 | 1600 | 2～5 | 595 | 300000 |
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Hi Shane, I’m in the process of purchasing a pneumatic press to punch a pattern from 0.5mm mild steel and corrugated tin can. The shape is that of a petal/flower 100x100mm. In your opinion, what sort of pressure capacity should I be looking out for ? Manually is extremely time consuming. Cheers, Jo.
Hope this helps:
Shear force depends on the perimeter. your pedals can probably be approximated with ovals or if they are all the same size an oval times the number.
The oval equation is:
p = 2pi times square root of [(a squared + b squared)/2]
or rewritten as: P=2π√[(a^2+ b^2)/2]
the a and the b are the length and width of the ovals.
Multiply by number of petals = permiter
Once you have the perimeter the punching force PF becomes:
PF = Perimeter x Thickness x Shear Strength
Steel cans vary from .14″ to about .11″
So the perimeter times about .13″ gives the cross sectional area being sheared
And low carbon steel is about 40,000 lbs/square inch
So take the cross sectional area being sheared multiply by 40,000 and that is your punch force approximation
thx
mt\
citations:
https://www.wilsontool.com/WilsonTool/files/31/31089b11-052b-451c-bb05-cd56aee1b9d2.pdf
https://www.unipunch.com/support/charts/material-specifications/
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