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Ever puzzled over the different grades of steel and aluminum? Our latest article unravels the intricate classifications of these essential materials across seven countries, offering a comprehensive comparison. Discover the unique naming conventions, purposes, and properties of various steel and aluminum grades, and learn how to navigate international standards effortlessly. By the end of the read, you’ll have a clear understanding of material specifications and how they impact your projects. Dive in to elevate your knowledge on the world of metals!
The classification of steel products is typically represented by a combination of letters, chemical element symbols, and Arabic numerals to denote its name, purpose, characteristics, and production process.
This system has been developed over many years by various national standardization organizations, such as the European EN standards, American ASTM standards and AISI standards, Japanese JIS standards, Chinese GB standards, and international ISO standards.
Steel is generally classified based on the following criteria:
Steel is often categorized based on its carbon content into the following three groups:
Moreover, based on the European standard classification, steel can be further divided into the following categories:
It’s worth noting that sometimes, special steel grades may have different characteristics due to variations in standards.
For instance, 34CrMo4 is defined by both DIN and EN. The EN standard includes six subgroup specifications, while the DIN standard has different specifications.
These steel specifications outline changes in tensile properties that result from various thermomechanical treatments.
China | former Soviet Union | USA | UK | Japan | France | Germany | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steel Grades | GB | ГОСТ | ASTM | BS | JIS | NF | DIN |
Quality Carbon Structural Steel | 08F | 08КП | 1006 | 040A04 | S09CK | C10 | |
8 | 8 | 1008 | 045M10 | S9CK | C10 | ||
10F | 1010 | 040A10 | XC10 | ||||
10 | 10 | 10 101 012 | 045M10 | S10C | XC10 | C10 CK10 | |
15 | 15 | 1015 | 095M15 | S15C | XC12 | C15 CK15 | |
20 | 20 | 1020 | 050A20 | S20C | XC18 | C22 CK22 | |
25 | 25 | 1025 | S25C | CK25 | |||
30 | 30 | 1030 | 060A30 | S30C | XC32 | ||
35 | 35 | 1035 | 060A35 | S35C | XC38TS | C35 CK35 | |
40 | 40 | 1040 | 080A40 | S40C | XC38H1 | ||
45 | 45 | 1045 | 080M46 | S45C | XC45 | C45 CK45 | |
50 | 50 | 1050 | 060A52 | S50C | XC48TS | CK53 | |
55 | 55 | 1055 | 070M55 | S55C | XC55 | ||
60 | 60 | 1060 | 080A62 | S58C | XC55 | C60 CK60 | |
15Mn | 15Г | 10 161 115 | 080A17 | SB46 | XC12 | 14Mn4 | |
20Mn | 20Г | 10 211 022 | 080A20 | XC18 | |||
30Mn | 30Г | 10 301 033 | 080A32 | S30C | XC32 | ||
40Mn | 40Г | 10 361 040 | 080A40 | S40C | 40M5 | 40Mn4 | |
45Mn | 45Г | 10 431 045 | 080A47 | S45C | |||
50Mn | 50Г | 10 501 052 | 030A52 | S53C | XC48 | ||
080M50 |
China | former Soviet Union | USA | UK | Japan | France | Germany | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steel Grades | GB | ГОСТ | ASTM | BS | JIS | NF | DIN |
Alloy Structure Steel | 20Mn2 | 20Г2 | 13 201 321 | 150M19 | SMn420 | 20Mn5 | |
30Mn2 | 30Г2 | 1330 | 150M28 | SMn433H | 32M5 | 30Mn5 | |
35Mn2 | 35Г2 | 1335 | 150M36 | SMn438 (H) | 35M5 | 36Mn5 | |
40Mn2 | 40Г2 | 1340 | SMn443 | 40M5 | |||
45Mn2 | 45Г2 | 1345 | SMn443 | 46Mn7 | |||
50Mn2 | 50Г2 | ~55M5 | |||||
20MnV | 20MnV6 | ||||||
35SiMn | 35CГ | En46 | 37MnSi5 | ||||
42SiMn | 35CГ | En46 | 46MnSi4 | ||||
40B | TS14B35 | ||||||
45B | 50B46H | ||||||
40MnB | 50B40 | ||||||
45MnB | 50B44 | ||||||
15Cr | 15X | 5115 | 523M15 | SCr415 (H) | 12C3 | 15Cr3 | |
20Cr | 20X | 5120 | 527A19 | SCr420H | 18C3 | 20Cr4 | |
30Cr | 30X | 5130 | 530A30 | SCr430 | 28Cr4 | ||
35Cr | 35X | 5132 | 530A36 | SCr430 (H) | 32C4 | 34Cr4 | |
40Cr | 40X | 5140 | 520M40 | SCr440 | 42C4 | 41Cr4 | |
45Cr | 45X | 51 455 147 | 534A99 | SCr445 | 45C4 | ||
38CrSi | 38XC | ||||||
12CrMo | 12XM | 620CR.B | 12CD4 | 13CrMo44 | |||
15CrMo | 15XM | A-387Cr . B | 1653 | STC42 | 12CD4 | 16CrMo44 | |
STT42 | |||||||
STB42 | |||||||
20CrMo | 20XM | 41 194 118 | CDS12 | SCT42 | 18CD4 | 20CrMo44 | |
CDS110 | STT42 | ||||||
STB42 | |||||||
25CrMo | 4125 | En20A | 25CD4 | 25CrMo4 | |||
30CrMo | 30XM | 4130 | 1717COS110 | SCM420 | 30CD4 | ||
42CrMo | 4140 | 708A42 | 42CD4 | 42CrMo4 | |||
708M40 | |||||||
35CrMo | 35XM | 4135 | 708A37 | SCM3 | 35CD4 | 34CrMo4 | |
12CrMoV | 12XMΦ | ||||||
12Cr1MoV | 12X1MΦ | 13CrMoV42 | |||||
25Cr2Mo1VA | 25X2M1ΦA | ||||||
20CrV | 20XΦ | 6120 | 22CrV4 | ||||
40CrV | 40XΦA | 6140 | 42CrV6 | ||||
50CrVA | 50XΦA | 6150 | 735A30 | SUP10 | 50CV4 | 50CrV4 | |
15CrMn | 15XГ,18XГ | ||||||
20CrMn | 20XГCA | 5152 | 527A60 | SUP9 | |||
30CrMnSiA | 30XГCA | ||||||
40CrNi | 40XH | 3140H | 640M40 | SNC236 | 40NiCr6 | ||
20CrNi3A | 20XH3A | 3316 | 20NC11 | 20NiCr14 | |||
30CrNi3A | 30XH3A | 3325 | 653M31 | SNC631H | 28NiCr10 | ||
3330 | SNC631 | ||||||
20MnMoB | 80B20 | ||||||
38CrMoAlA | 38XMIOA | 905M39 | SACM645 | 40CAD6.12 | 41CrAlMo07 | ||
40CrNiMoA | 40XHMA | 4340 | 871M40 | SNCM439 | 40NiCrMo22 |
China | former Soviet Union | USA | UK | Japan | France | Germany | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steel Grades | GB | ГОСТ | ASTM | BS | JIS | NF | DIN |
Spring Steel | 60 | 60 | 1060 | 080A62 | S58C | XC55 | C60 |
85 | 85 | C1085 | 080A86 | SUP3 | |||
1084 | |||||||
65Mn | 65Г | 1566 | |||||
55Si2Mn | 55C2Г | 9255 | 250A53 | SUP6 | 55S6 | 55Si7 | |
60Si2MnA | 60C2ГA | 9260 | 250A61 | SUP7 | 61S7 | 65Si7 | |
9260H | |||||||
50CrVA | 50XΦA | 6150 | 735A50 | SUP10 | 50CV4 | 50CrV4 |
China | former Soviet Union | USA | UK | Japan | France | Germany | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steel Grades | GB | ГОСТ | ASTM | BS | JIS | NF | DIN |
Roller Bearing Steel | GCr9 | ШX9 | E51100 | SUJ1 | 100C5 | 105Cr4 | |
51100 | |||||||
GCr9SiMn | SUJ3 | ||||||
GCr15 | ШX15 | E52100 | 534A99 | SUJ2 | 100C6 | 100Cr6 | |
52100 | |||||||
GCr15SiMn | ШX15CГ | 100CrMn6 |
China | former Soviet Union | USA | UK | Japan | France | Germany | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steel Grades | GB | ГОСТ | ASTM | BS | JIS | NF | DIN |
Free Cutting Steel | Y12 | A12 | C1109 | SUM12 | |||
Y15 | B1113 | 220M07 | SUM22 | 10S20 | |||
Y20 | A20 | C1120 | SUM32 | 20F2 | 22S20 | ||
Y30 | A30 | C1130 | SUM42 | 35S20 | |||
Y40Mn | A40Г | C1144 | 225M36 | 45MF2 | 40S20 |
China | former Soviet Union | USA | UK | Japan | France | Germany | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steel Grades | GB | ГОСТ | ASTM | BS | JIS | NF | DIN |
Wear Resisting Steel | ZGMn13 | 116Г13Ю | SCMnH11 | Z120M12 | X120Mn12 |
China | former Soviet Union | USA | UK | Japan | France | Germany | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steel Grades | GB | ГОСТ | ASTM | BS | JIS | NF | DIN |
Carbon Stool Steel | T7 | y7 | W1-7 | SK7 SK6 | C70W1 | ||
T8 | y8 | SK6 SK5 | |||||
T8A | y8A | W1-0.8C | 1104Y175 | C80W1 | |||
T8Mn | y8Г | SK5 | |||||
T10 | y10 | W1-1.0C | D1 | SK3 | |||
T12 | y12 | W1-1.2C | D1 | SK2 | Y2 120 | C125W | |
T12A | y12A | W1-1.2C | XC 120 | C125W2 | |||
T13 | y13 | SK1 | Y2 140 | C135W |
China | former Soviet Union | USA | UK | Japan | France | Germany | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steel Grades | GB | ГОСТ | ASTM | BS | JIS | NF | DIN |
High-Speed Tool Steel | W18Cr4V | P18 | T1 | BT1 | SKH2 | Z80WCV | S18-0-1 |
2018-4-1 | |||||||
W6Mo5Cr4V2 | P6M3 | N2 | BM2 | SKH9 | Z85WDCV | S6-5-2 | |
06-05-04-02 | |||||||
W18Cr4VCo5 | P18K5Φ2 | T4 | BT4 | SKH3 | Z80WKCV | S18-1-2-5 | |
18-05-04-01 | |||||||
W2Mo9Cr4VCo8 | M42 | BM42 | Z110DKCWV | S2-10-1-8 | |||
09-08-04-02-01 |
China | former Soviet Union | USA | UK | Japan | France | Germany | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steel Grades | GB | ГОСТ | ASTM | BS | JIS | NF | DIN |
Alloy Tool Steel | 8MnSi | C75W3 | |||||
9SiCr | 9XC | BH21 | 90CrSi5 | ||||
Cr2 | X | L3 | 100Cr6 | ||||
Cr06 | 13X | W5 | SKS8 | 140Cr3 | |||
9Cr2 | 9X | L | 100Cr6 | ||||
W | B1 | F1 | BF1 | SK21 | 120W4 | ||
Cr12 | X12 | D3 | BD3 | SKD1 | Z200C12 | X210Cr12 | |
Cr12MoV | X12M | D2 | BD2 | SKD11 | Z200C12 | X165CrMoV46 | |
9Mn2V | 9Г2Φ | 2 | 80M80 | 90MnV8 | |||
9CrWMn | 9XBГ | 1 | SKS3 | 80M8 | |||
CrWMn | XBГ | 7 | SKS31 | 105WC13 | 105WCr6 | ||
3Cr2W8V | 3X2B8Φ | H21 | BH21 | SKD5 | X30WC9V | X30WCrV93 | |
5CrMnMo | 5XГM | SKT5 | 40CrMnMo7 | ||||
5CrNiMo | 5XHM | L6 | SKT4 | 55NCDV7 | 55NiCrMoV6 | ||
4Cr5MoSiV | 4X5MΦC | H11 | BH11 | SKD61 | Z38CDV5 | X38CrMoV51 | |
4CrW2Si | 4XB2C | SKS41 | 40WCDS35-12 | 35WCrV7 | |||
5CrW2Si | 5XB2C | S1 | BSi | 45WCrV7 |
China | former Soviet Union | USA | UK | Japan | France | Germany | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steel Grades | GB | ГОСТ | ASTM | BS | JIS | NF | DIN |
Heat Resistant Steel | 2Cr23Ni13 | 20X23H12 | 309 | 309S24 | SUH309 | Z15CN24.13 | |
S30900 | |||||||
2Cr25Ni21 | 20X25H20C2 | 310 | 310S24 | SUH310 | Z12CN25.20 | CrNi2520 | |
S31000 | |||||||
0Cr25Ni20 | 310S | SUS310S | |||||
S31008 | |||||||
0Cr17Ni12Mo2 | 08X17H13M2T | 316 | 316S16 | SUS316 | Z6CND17.12 | X5CrNiMo1810 | |
S31600 | |||||||
0Cr18Ni11Nb | 08X18H12E | 347 | 347S17 | SUS347 | Z6CNNb18.10 | X10CrNiNb189 | |
S34700 | |||||||
1Cr13Mo | SUS410J1 | ||||||
1Cr17Ni2 | 14X17H2 | 431 | 431S29 | SUS431 | Z15CN16-02 | X22CrNi17 | |
S43100 | |||||||
0Cr17Ni7Al | 09X17H7Ю | 631 | SUS631 | Z8CNA17.7 | X7CrNiAl177 | ||
S17700 |
China | former Soviet Union | USA | UK | Japan | France | Germany | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steel Grades | GB | ГОСТ | ASTM | BS | JIS | NF | DIN |
Stainless Steel | 1Cr18Ni9 | 12X18H9 | 302 | 302S25 | SUS302 | Z10CN18.09 | X12CrNi188 |
S30200 | |||||||
Y1Cr18Ni9 | 303 | 303S21 | SUS303 | Z10CNF18.09 | X12CrNiS188 | ||
S30300 | |||||||
0Cr19Ni9 | 08X18H10 | 304 | 304S15 | SUS304 | Z6CN18.09 | X5CrNi189 | |
S30400 | |||||||
00Cr19Ni11 | 03X18H11 | 304L | 304S12 | SUS304L | Z2CN18.09 | X2CrNi189 | |
S30403 | |||||||
0Cr18Ni11Ti | 08X18H10T | 321 | 321S12 | SUS321 | Z6CNT18.10 | X10CrNiTi189 | |
S32100 | 321S20 | ||||||
0Cr13Al | 405 | 405S17 | SUS405 | Z6CA13 | X7CrAl13 | ||
S40500 | |||||||
1Cr17 | 12X17 | 430 | 430S15 | SUS430 | Z8C17 | X8Cr17 | |
S43000 | |||||||
1Cr13 | 12X13 | 410 | 410S21 | SUS410 | Z12C13 | X10Cr13 | |
S41000 | |||||||
2Cr13 | 20X13 | 420 | 420S37 | SUS420J1 | Z20C13 | X20Cr13 | |
S42000 | |||||||
3Cr13 | 30X13 | 420S45 | SUS420J2 | ||||
7Cr17 | 440A | SUS440A | |||||
S44002 | |||||||
0Cr17Ni7Al | 09X17H7Ю | 631 | SUS631 | Z8CNA17.7 | X7CrNiAl177 | ||
S17700 |
China | USA | UK | Japan | France | Germany | former | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Soviet Union | |||||||
Category | GB | ASTM | BS | JIS | NF | DIN | ГОСТ |
Commercially Pure Aluminium | 1A99 | 1199 | A199.99R | A99 | |||
1A97 | A199.98R | A97 | |||||
1A95 | A95 | ||||||
1A80 | 1080 (1A) | 1080 | 1080A | A199.90 | A8 | ||
1A50 | 1050 | 1050 (1B) | 1050 | 1050A | A199.50 | A5 | |
Antirust Aluminium | 5A02 | 5052 | NS4 | 5052 | 5052 | A1Mg2.5 | Amg |
5A03 | NS5 | AMg3 | |||||
5A05 | 5056 | NB6 | 5056 | A1Mg5 | AMg5V | ||
5A30 | 5456 | NG61 | 5556 | 5957 | |||
Duralumin | 2A01 | 2036 | 2117 | 2117 | AlCu2.5Mg0.5 | D18 | |
2A11 | HF15 | 2017 | 2017S | AlCuMg1 | D1 | ||
2A12 | 2124 | 2024 | 2024 | AlCuMg2 | D16AVTV | ||
2B16 | 2319 | ||||||
Forging Aluminium | 2A80 | 2N01 | AK4 | ||||
2A90 | 2218 | 2018 | AK2 | ||||
2A14 | 2014 | 2014 | 2014 | AlCuSiMn | AK8 | ||
Ultraduralumin | 7A09 | 7175 | 7075 | 7075 | AlZnMgCu1.5 | V95P | |
Casting Aluminium Alloy | ZAlSi7Mn | 356.2 | LM25 | AC4C | G-AlSi7Mg | ||
ZAlSi12 | 413.2 | LM6 | AC3A | A-S12-Y4 | G-Al12 | AL2 | |
ZAlSi5Cu1Mg | 355.2 | AL5 | |||||
ZAlSi2Cu2Mg1 | 413 | AC8A | G-Al12 (Cu) | ||||
ZAlCu5Mn | AL19 | ||||||
ZAlCu5MnCdVA | 201 | ||||||
ZAlMg10 | 520.2 | LM10 | AG11 | G-AlMg10 | AL8 | ||
ZAlMg5Si | G-AlMg5Si | AL13 |
For your ease of reference, we have also provided you with an .xls version of the steel grades chart and aluminum grades chart, which is more convenient than the PDF version.