G and M Codes List in CNC Machining

In CNC machining, G-codes and M-codes are two fundamental programming commands used to control the movement and functionality of machine tools.

G-code, also known as “geometric code” or “preparatory code,” is primarily used to define the motion and positioning of the cutting tool. These codes instruct the machine on how to move, such as rapid motion (G00), linear interpolation (G01), and circular interpolation (G02 and G03), among others.

On the other hand, M-code, also known as “miscellaneous code,” controls various functions of the machine tool, such as spindle rotation, coolant flow adjustment, and tool change. Each G and M code is usually followed by a number representing a specific function or command.

The existence of G-codes and M-codes enables CNC machine tools to perform complex machining tasks. By precise programming instructions, they control the actions of the machine tool, resulting in high precision and high-quality machining effects.

Different combinations of G and M codes can complete various machining operations, including but not limited to drilling, milling, and turning. However, it’s important to note that different manufacturers’ CNC systems may have variations in the specific meanings and applications of these codes. Therefore, reference to the specific machine tool’s operating manual or consultation with the manufacturer is necessary to ensure correct application.

In summary, G-codes and M-codes are indispensable parts of CNC machining. Together, they form the programming language of CNC machine tools, making the mechanical machining process more flexible and efficient. Mastery of these codes’ meanings and applications is crucial for CNC programmers.

What is G-code?

G-code (also known as RS-274) is the most widely used NC programming language.

It has many versions and is mainly used to control automatic machine tools in computer-aided manufacturing.

G code is sometimes called G programming language.

G code is the instruction in the numerical control program. Commonly referred to as the G instruction.

G code can be used to realize rapid positioning, inverse circle interpolation, along circle interpolation, middle point arc interpolation, radius programming and jump processing.

What is M-code?

M code is defined as auxiliary function code in FANUC program.

M code plays an auxiliary control role for the machine tool and is used for non axis movement command.

G and M Codes List

1. FANUC lathe G-code

2. FANUC milling machine G code

3. FANUC M code

4. Siemens milling machine G code

5. Siemens 802S / CM fixed cycle

6. Siemens 802DM / 810 / 840DM fixed cycle

7. Siemens lathe G code

8. SIEMENS 801, 802S/CT, 802SeT fixed cycle

9. SIEMENS 802D, 810D/840D fixed cycle

10. HNC lathe G code

11. HNC lathe machine G code

12. HNC milling machine G code

13. HNC M code

14. KND 100 milling machine G code

15. KND 100 lathe G code

16. KND 100 M code

17. GSK980 lathe G code

18. GSK980T M instruction

19. GSK928 TC / TE G code

20. GSK928 TC / TEM code

21. GSK990M G Code

22. GSK990M M code

23. GSK928MA G-code

24. GSK928MAMcode

25. Mitsubishi E60 milling machine G code

26. DASEN 3I milling machine G code

27. DASEN 3I lathe G code

28. Huaxing lathe G code

29. Huaxing lathe M code

30. Huaxing milling machine G code

31. Huaxing milling machine M code

32. Renhe 32T G code

33. Renhe 32T M code

34. SKY 2003N M G-code

35. SKY 2003N M M code

How do you select the appropriate G-codes and M-codes for programming based on different CNC systems?

To select the appropriate G and M codes for programming based on different CNC systems, you first need to understand the basic functions and uses of G and M codes. G codes primarily control machine tool movements, such as linear motion and circular interpolation, while M codes execute auxiliary operations of the machine tool, like spindle rotation and coolant switch.

Understand the characteristics of different CNC systems: Different CNC systems (like Fanuc, Siemens) may support G and M codes differently. Therefore, you must familiarize yourself with the specific functions and limitations of the CNC system you are using.

Refer to relevant materials: You can obtain the specific meanings and uses of G and M codes by referring to relevant CNC programming guides or code encyclopedias. For instance, you can refer to materials such as “Fanuc, Siemens Common CNC System Code Encyclopedia (G, M codes), Command Explanation”.

Understand the functions of G and M codes: G codes mainly involve motion control of the machine tool. For example, G00 denotes rapid positioning, G01 indicates linear interpolation feed, G02 and G03 represent clockwise and counter-clockwise circular interpolation respectively. M codes include auxiliary operations like M01 for optional stop, M02 for program end (reset), M03 for spindle forward rotation, and so on.

Choose the appropriate code according to processing needs: Once the functions of G and M codes are clear, you can select the appropriate code based on specific processing needs. For example, if rapid positioning is required, use G00; if spindle rotation control is needed, use M03 or M04.

Pay attention to the selection of coordinate systems and planes: During programming, you should also be mindful of the selection of coordinate systems and planes, like G17, G18, and G19, which are used to select the XY plane, ZX plane, and YZ plane, respectively.

Practice and test: Lastly, validate the correctness and applicability of the selected G and M codes through actual programming and testing. In practice, you may encounter some special scenarios or requirements, where you might need to adjust or choose other codes to meet specific needs.

In practical CNC machining, how can G-codes and M-codes be effectively combined to enhance machining efficiency and precision?

In real-world CNC machining, to effectively combine G-codes and M-codes to boost machining efficiency and precision, it’s crucial to first understand the basic functions and roles of G-codes and M-codes.

G-codes primarily control the movement of the machine tool, such as rapid positioning (G00), linear interpolation (G01), and circular interpolation (G02 and G03). Meanwhile, M-codes are used to execute auxiliary functions of the machine tool, like coolant switch and tool change commands.

To enhance machining efficiency and precision, the following strategies can be adopted:

Optimize G-code programs: Depending on the characteristics of the CNC system and the actual performance of the machine tool, select suitable G-code instructions to ensure the optimization of the machining path. For instance, by reducing idle travel distance and using more efficient interpolation methods, production efficiency can be significantly improved.

Rational application of M-codes: During programming, M-codes should be arranged logically according to machining needs, such as activating the coolant when high-precision machining is required, or changing the tool after certain specific machining steps are complete. This can not only improve the quality of machining but also avoid unnecessary downtime.

Macro programming: By utilizing the macro programming function of the CNC machining center, the corresponding combination of G-codes and M-codes can be automatically generated based on specific machining requirements. This method can ensure machining precision while further enhancing programming efficiency and machining efficiency.

Pay attention to programming details: When writing programs, it’s important to analyze the part diagram to determine the precision and technical requirements of CNC machining, as well as the characteristics of the machine tool control system. This allows for the creation of a combination of G-codes and M-codes that not only meets machining requirements but also fully utilizes the performance of the machine tool.